At the beginning of the third ten-day period of September dry weather prevailed in Ukraine, but in the second half of the ten-day period irregular rains occurred throughout the territory under the influence of the northern cyclone and its atmospheric fronts.
The average ten-day air temperature in the eastern, Zaporizhzhya, Dnipropetrovsk and Sumy regions was 1.0-2.3 °C lower than normal, 1.1 – 1.7 °C higher than normal in the Transcarpathian, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Ternopil, Khmelnytsky, Lviv and Odessa regions, in the rest of the country – close to normal and amounted to plus 9.2-15.5 °С. The maximum air temperature increased to 20-25 °C and to 26-29 °C in the Mykolayiv, Odessa, Kirovograd and Transcarpathian regions. On the coldest nights the minimum air temperature decreased from 0 °C to minus 6 °C, in the Mykolayiv, Odessa, Kirovograd and Chernivtsi regions up to 1-3 °C. In the Mykolayiv, Zaporizhzhya, Donetsk regions the average regional rainfall amounted to 20-52% of the ten-day norm (2-4 mm), in the Luhansk, Dnipropetrovsk, Cherkasy, Chernivtsi and Volyn regions to 58-79% of the norm (7-15 mm). In the Lviv, Rivne, Khmelnytsky, Vinnytsya, Kyiv, Chernihiv and Sumy regions the amount of precipitation was 125-179% of the norm (20-25 mm). In the rest of the country, rainfall was close to normal.
Sowing of winter crops continued. On areas sown earlier, germination of seeds and formation of seedlings were noted, in some places in the central and southern region, the formation of nodal roots and 3 leaves in winter wheat was noted. As of September 30, the reserves of productive moisture in the 0-20 cm layer of soil under winter crops and in the fields intended for their sowing were unsatisfactory in most areas of the southern, eastern, central, and separate areas of the western regions (less than 10 mm of productive moisture). In the Mykolayiv, in separate areas of Odessa, Kherson, Zaporizhzhya, Donetsk, Kharkiv, Poltava, Kirovograd, Cherkasy and Dnipropetrovsk regions the tilth-top soil was completely dry. In many areas of the western, northern, Vinnytsya, Kherson, separate areas of the eastern, Odessa, Zaporizhzhya and Dnipropetrovsk regions, the moisture reserves of the tilth-top soil were estimated as insufficient (11-20 mm of productive moisture). Only in small areas of the Luhansk, Sumy, Chernihiv, Vinnytsya and Chernivtsi regions the moisture of 0-20 cm soil layer for was observed which is optimal for sowing and seedlings. In winter rape, the formation of a leaf rosette continued. The condition of the emerged plants was predominantly good, in some places in the western regions it was unsatisfactory due to moisture deficiency.